Literature 101
What you'll learn
learn the history of storytelling
understand the evolution of literature
get familiar with great works of literature
learn why we tell stories
Requirements
No prior knowledge is needed. You will learn everything about storytelling and literature.
Description
If humans were computers, the hardware is animal and the software? I say stories. Our animal body has seen very little change in the last few thousands years, but our software has changed a bit. With each generation the narrative changes. New stories replace the older ones. So the biggest difference between humans and animals is our ability to tell stories. But also our ability to believe in fictional stories. So our hardware is ape but our software is storytelling.In this course, I will tell you the story of literature encompassing an incredible 4000 years of storytelling history. By the end of this video, you will know all the great works of literature, literary movements, as well as some of the most literary minds from around the world. The video has 3 major parts and 11 sections.In part 1, I will answer the most fundamental question. Why are humans the only species who tells stories? What functions do stories have in our evolution? I will also highlight some important events in history that shaped the way we tell stories, and the literary movements of the last 4,000 years.In part 2, I will look at the origin of storytelling and how it is rooted in nature. The most fundamental event in a human life is death or the awareness of it. So in this part, I will discuss storytelling in four segments each on the topic of death, wars, sex and laughter. In other words, humans woke up to the realisation of death, so the first stories are stories of mortality and immortality. Then we humans moved to wars and wrote epics that lamented the demise of an empire or celebrated their triumphs. Since the victors got the spoils and we moved to tell stories of sex and mating, romance became an important topic of storytelling. In other words, how boys meet girls. With sex came laughter, so storytelling entertained us through comedy.In part 3, we move away from nature-inflicted tales towards human-centred stories, as in when storytelling meets rationality and humanism. So instead of gods and nature, we humans became in charge of our own destiny. The age of reason also resulted in a counter-enlightenment movement of romanticism which took us back to nature. Then came realism, in which ordinary people became the heroes of stories, not some king or general. Then we moved to naturalism in which evolutionary biology became the window through which stories are told. This was followed by modernism in which we told stories through psychology. And finally magical realism which took us back to the early humans when gods and demons interfered with our stories.In part 4, we again move away from humanism into what's termed as post-humanism. Here the whole idea of truth telling is questioned. If humanism tried to clarify and solidify things that humans are the only gods on earth, posthumanism, and postmodernism partly fuelled by quantum physics, muddied the water so we no longer know what's going on, despite our scientific and technological advancement, or in some cases because of that.In this course, the real hero is not a human or demon or a beast, but the real hero is literature or storytelling itself. Human mortality gave birth to storytelling. Conflicts gave it its fuel and energy. Sex added flavour. Laughter made it reflective. Then came reason to dominate storytelling, through physical reality, biological truths, psychological depth, and finally quantum magical thinking. And today literature seems a bit muddled as it has questioned truth-telling. You could say literature is suffering from old-age Alzheimer. So the question is can literature and storytelling survive robots?
Overview
Section 1: Introduction
Lecture 1 Introduction
Lecture 2 1 Why Do Humans Tell Stories?
Lecture 3 2 Storytelling against Immortality
Lecture 4 3 tales of wars
Lecture 5 4 Stories of Mating
Lecture 6 5 Tales of laughter
Lecture 7 6 Stories of rationality
Lecture 8 7 Tales of Passion
Lecture 9 8 Tales of ordinary heroes
Lecture 10 9 Storytelling meets biology
Lecture 11 10 Storytelling meets psychology
Lecture 12 11 Storytelling meets quantum physics
Lecture 13 12 Storytelling meets truth-telling
Lecture 14 conclusion
Beginner students interested in literature, storytelling and reading.
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